After scanning all of the prior posts all i can say is my experience with an original Julius Futterman designed H3 amp purchased in 1972 using 6KG6A tubes has been going strong powering my KLH model Nines. I have had the output caps doubled by Julius himself in 1981 and actually replaced in 2021 along with other aged capacitors by Mark Weiss of Amplifier experts in Ct. Never had problems with this amp driving KLH Model Nine, Martin-Logans CLSIIZ, Soundlab A-3, KLH model 5, Janszen ZlA2.1. I am using using it currently driving a refurbished pair by David Janszen of my orig Model Nines purchased 1971. I still find this extremely lifelike in musical reproduction of music no matter the style played.
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I spent about four hours using Google translate to translate from Italian to English dozens of posts about the Alieno LTD 250 amplifier on an Italian audio forum. The translated posts did not tell me anything. But then I found this: http://www.audio-activity.com/si-audio041114.html. . . a large excerpt of which Google translated to English as follows: The LTD implementation has nothing to do with the traditional circuits, let alone with those defined hybrids that require the use, in addition to the tubes, also of the semiconductors in the amplification line. The hybrid amplifiers, in fact, try to reconcile the softness of the tube with the imperiousness of the transistor, entrusting the first to the amplification in voltage and the second to the current one. In doing so, however, the "magic" of the tube sound is only partially expressed, since only the modulation of the voltage supplied to the loudspeaker has a valve imprimatur, while all the current supply remains the typical one of the transistor (of course with all its pros and cons). The new technology LTD is inspired, instead, to a different design philosophy: the valve section, Single Ended in pure class A, provides the load as much voltage as the current, the latter supported by a particular process of power supply semiconductors. Short technical study We report in the attached figure an extremely simplified circuit that helps to understand how the LTD system works. Let's start by examining the right half of the circuit, the most innovative one. The output current from the final pipe drives the load through a very low value resistance (in the figure indicated with "R"). The voltage drop at the ends of this resistance is used to control the modulation of the output current at the power supply section (which therefore works as a current and not voltage generator). The output of the feed section, as shown in the figure, is connected to the load in parallel with the output of the final valve. By operating in this way, the tube drives the load both in tension (directly) and in current through the sophisticated feeding system indicated above. On the left side of the circuit you can see the extreme simplicity of the signal path, which crosses only two stages, the one equipped with the driver valves (ECC82), configured in asymmetric SRPP, and the one using the 300B finals (one per channel, in Single Ended Class A configuration with cathodic output). The coupling between the stages is direct, without any capacitor. Finally, the KT150 (high power and latest generation valve), used as an active current generator, feeds the 300B in the most linear way possible, allowing it to express itself in the best possible way. Last technical note: the mass (indicated with GND on the extreme right of the circuit in the figure) has the particularity of being floating: it preserves the safety of the speakers as it inhibits the transit of the signal in the event of any functional anomaly. *************************************************************************************** I interpret the translation to mean that the load (i.e., the loudspeaker) is seeing current delivered to it directly by the transistor power supply. I think I would characterise this design as a "semi-hybrid" design in that the voltage side is tube driven with a tube output, and the current side is tube driven but with a solid-state output. I think this topology is somewhere between a hybrid amp and an all-tube amp. I would not call it an OTL. My understanding is that the speakers are connected directly somehow to the voltage output of the 300B, while the current output of the 300B is fed to a solid-state amplifier. The solid-state stage amplifies the current output from the 300B. The speakers are connected directly somehow to the current output of the solid-state amplifier. Somehow the voltage output of the 300B and the current output of the solid-state stage are summed, and the summed effort is connected to the speaker terminals. |
Where are you seeing semi-conductors? In the tube section of the Alieno, or in its power supply? I don't. I just googled it and started reading. The top hits say pretty much the same thing. |
Dear Ralph,
Where are you seeing semi-conductors? In the tube section of the Alieno, or in its power supply?
Are you assuming a solid-state amplification stage based on the heat sink fins of the power supply unit? |
Alieno swears up and down that semi-conductors are not doing any heavy
lifting, and that the amp is not a hybrid amp, and that only tubes are
providing both the voltage and the current amplification. Somehow the
big power supply allows the KT-150 allegedly to generate the current for
the 300B.
What is your theory about how this might be possible?
If what you say is true, no need for the semiconductors then, right? But apparently they are needed for something. Think about it. A single 300b is good for about 7 watts. That's it. When you look at those amps, you don't see a lot of 300bs, so the math is not hard to work out- the 300b isn't making the power. Something else it, and its not the KT150... |
If you want Reliability, Service, Sound Quality, Years of Enjoyment i wholeheartedly recommend Atma-Sphere Gear, Nothing like it. I have bought and sold amplifiers in my 20 years in this hobby and finally settled with the Atma-Sphere. This is coming from someone who used Single Ended Designs, Push Pull, Solid States, Hybrids.
The only issue you will find with these amps is paring with the right speaker it can be challenging at times if your speaker has an unusual load. If you get pass this stage you will experience something in audio which most audiophiles strive for but never reach. Pure Musical Bliss!!!
You should visit John Wolff Of Classic Audio Loudspeakers and see what he has done with this Atma-Sphere paired with the high sensitive speakers. |
300B can not produce that much power. Something fishy about those amps. |
Dear Ralph,
Thank you for your reply!
Alieno swears up and down that semi-conductors are not doing any heavy lifting, and that the amp is not a hybrid amp, and that only tubes are providing both the voltage and the current amplification. Somehow the big power supply allows the KT-150 allegedly to generate the current for the 300B.
What is your theory about how this might be possible?
Ron
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Is anyone familiar with the Alieno Ltd. 250 OTL (from Italy)?
Its not an OTL, no 300b can make 250 watts. The power is being made by semiconductors. |
I have removed the Zero's from the equation using the MA-60's.
It just wasn't needed.
The Atma-Sphere M-60's are the finest amp(s) I have ever owned. The tube heat is not a problem, and the power output matched with easy to drive speakers (my DIY) is awesome.
In fact, the M-60's play as loud as my Pass Labs X350.8 amps but with better sound quality.
Highest recommendation IMHO.
ozzy |
Is anyone familiar with the Alieno Ltd. 250 OTL (from Italy)?
Is anyone familiar with the Aitos EV 903 OTL (from the Netherlands)? |
Atmasphere
See pics 20 and 25 on my virtual system for the otl's.
Unfortunately AudioGon does allow me to link the pics.
so
If I put a cooking rack an inch above the amps.
The Krell FPB600 will keep an X-large Pizza toasty ready to eat.
The previous OTL's would have cooked it for me as well.
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@c
The heat of an OTL is like it is with any other amp- the heat is based on the class of service rather than the number of tubes. The exception might be if you run an amplifier using 6C33s (OTL or not), which run unusually hot!
If our amps are on Standby, after a day of that you can easily grab a power tube and hang on without burns. But start the amp from stone cold take it out of Standby to full On and after a minute of operation, its too hot to touch!
If you had a solid state amp of 225 watts that run class A, you would find it making a very similar amount of heat!
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What's your experience, and tips to keep OTL amps up and running happily? If you are running higher wattage OTL amps (I ran 225 wpc) monoblocks. Try to make sure they are not placed in the same room/space as the house Thermostat; especially during winter, and especially if the room your wife frequents happens to be on the other side of the house. Heat was a real issue. I don't recall a single multiple hour listening session where I was not shedding layers. |
I have owned Julius Futterman H3AA Mono's since 1981. And a recently acquired Harvard Music H3 stereo. Speakers used are KLH Nines and Quad 57's. No reliability issues over all this time! Superb sound - more "life-like" than any other tube or transistor amp in my collection! |
Some years back I had the then most recent Atma-Sphere MP-1 preamp along with the MA-2 Mk 2.3 monoblocks. They were driving Dynaudio Confidence C2s with the source being a VSE-modded Sony 777es. The AS gear was the most transparent, fast, textured, layered equipment I have ever heard. Everything just sounded right.
I also heard AS gear on the big (at that time) Sound Lab electrostats on a vinyl set-up. I can't remember what that vinyl rig was comprised of but what I do remember was it's total cost was in the neighborhood of about $50k. THAT was the best system I have ever heard.
The only knock I had against Ralph's gear was the amount of heat they generated. With the big monoblocks I had, I barely used them during the summer. But the sound they produced was exquisite. I also never had any problems with them.
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Had the Tenor 75 and Atma s30
The Tenor gave me no problems and had some work done on it prior to me buying them. Crazy great sound and awesome looking but created too much heat in my Florida listening room. The equal to Atma
Atma s30 why did I sell it?? Stupid not to have gone to the m60 and just deal with the heat. Now in the market to buy a pair. Support is impeccable and reliability is off the charts great. Bulletproof in my experience with the S 30.
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@rusty_jefferson Just to be clear, I'm not Trolling you, or your company, just answering
the question in the thread title, "What's your OTL tube amp experience
and suggestion". No worries- I didn't think you were. But most people don't realize the ZOTL amplifiers have not only an output transformer, but also semiconductors in the output section. It is quite unique! By stating you made the first reliable OTLs
does indicate that some or all of your predecessors were in fact, not
reliable. And by safe, I didn't just mean not catching on fire, but
rather safe and reliable in our systems. The Berning ZOTL amps have no
chance of passing DC, no popping noises, and extremely long tube life,
again, on the order of many years to decades of daily use. If your
amplifiers are capable of similar safety and reliability, I apologize
for not knowing so. Sooner or later, if a tube fails the Bering will make a popping sound. But it unlikely to threaten a speaker. You might think about this for a moment: If our amps were damaging speakers, we would not be able to stay in business for very long, instead of the 41 years we've been around. I'd be quite nervous if I thought for a second that one of our amps could threaten my speakers- the drivers in them are quite expensive. That sort of thing has a way of coming home to roost! We protect the speaker with a simple mechanism which is highly effective. But that is not the only reason our amps are safe- we are the first OTL manufacturer to make an amplifier wherein the power tubes are in fact properly under control (which is really important; think about what that means for distortion too) and also, the first OTL that is unconditionally stable (which is to say: stable regardless of input condition or output load). We too get long tube life (we warrant all the tubes in our products for a year) often on the order of many years to decades... so apology accepted- no hard feelings :) And if some think ZOTLs aren't really OTL
amplifiers because they don't meet some engineering criteria that fits
their needs, well, I don't know what to say about that. I don't think
anybody has ever sued Berning for false advertising. Here's a nice
discussion from the Berning website, including pros and cons of
different OTL implementations, for those interested. When the amp first appeared I read the patent, as it is patented. This is from the abstract of the patent: "A linear audio amplifier includes a push-pull pair of vacuum tubes
operating in a linear amplification mode coupled through a pair of dc-dc
switching power converters to an external load impedance. Each power
converter includes a **transformer** with one or more secondary windings
that drive rectifier circuits, and the resultant dc voltage sources are
loaded by their respective tubes." (emphasis added) Although connected in a quite unconventional manner (hence the patent), it is the transformers that effect the transformation from the high impedance of the power tube to the low impedance of the speaker, which otherwise is a rather conventional way of describing the operation of an output transformer. In a letter to the editor of Positive Feedback back in 1997, David mentioned that he was originally going to call the amplifier a Zero Hysteresis amplifier but he found that to be difficult to explain. When he told people it was similar to an OTL then the glazed expression went away. It didn't help that Harvey Rosenberg suggested the ZOTL acronym, which Harvey told me specifically didn't mean anything as he knew full well the amp was not an OTL. |
It is accurate to point out that the Berning amplifiers utilize a "nontradional" output transformer that operates at very high radio frequency levels. This is a different type of transformer as compared to the common or traditional output transformer. This is different from the Atma-Sphere which does not utilize an output transformer at all. Both companies have earned reputations for excellent sound quality. Obviously each has their own unique character.
Charles |
@atmasphere Just to be clear, I'm not Trolling you, or your company, just answering the question in the thread title, "What's your OTL tube amp experience and suggestion". By stating you made the first reliable OTLs does indicate that some or all of your predecessors were in fact, not reliable. And by safe, I didn't just mean not catching on fire, but rather safe and reliable in our systems. The Berning ZOTL amps have no chance of passing DC, no popping noises, and extremely long tube life, again, on the order of many years to decades of daily use. If your amplifiers are capable of similar safety and reliability, I apologize for not knowing so. And if some think ZOTLs aren't really OTL amplifiers because they don't meet some engineering criteria that fits their needs, well, I don't know what to say about that. I don't think anybody has ever sued Berning for false advertising. Here's a nice discussion from the Berning website, including pros and cons of different OTL implementations, for those interested. http://davidberning.com/products/qz |
Who made the amp?Do you know the tube topology?Looks like homebrew from inexperienced TUBE MASTER. |
@rusty_jefferson
Our (Atma-Sphere) claim to fame is we made the first reliable OTLs. That was in 1976. I don't know of any OTLs that were safety issues, including early designs. I've heard this said before, but as far as I know its some sort of myth.
FWIW, the Berning amplifier is not an OTL. It is a uniquely different design and does employ an output transformer (unlike an OTL; 'OTL' stands for Output TransformerLess).
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To answer the original questions, there can be reliably and potentially safety issues with OTL amplifiers, especially early designs. The best implementation I've seen are the Berning ZOTL amps. They are safe, and reliable. Most won't require retubing for years, or decades. They have autobias, and protection circuits, plus very low output impedance, making them very versatile in matching them to a wide variety of speakers.
As well as the models available on his website, or licensed by LTA, David has a collection of small, lower power models available he doesn't promote on the website that includes 300b SET and PP, 6b4 SET and PP, 845 SET, etc. All the models I've heard (and owned) sound outstanding. |
Ozzy, have you experimented with the RCA Output Tubes?
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Atma-Sphere M-60 3.3 with the upgrades Ralph offers.
Plus I use dual Zero’s with my 8 ohm 90+db Hi-Eff speakers. I can play the music as loud as I once did with my Pass Labs X350-5.
And... the music is so smooth and perfect... No turning back
I am also using Russian output tubes and Sophia input tubes.
ozzy
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Thaluza
I have a Joule-Electra VZN 80 and I have never had any of the issues you speak of .
Did you bias the tubes including the driver tubes. It was easy to tell if an output tube was going bad it would not hold Bias. The joule OTL are the best sounding of any I have owned or demoed . |
Also don't forget using an auto former like the Speltz to pair with a wider variety of speaker impedances.
If anyone wants to hear the Atma-sphere gear in NYC give me a shout out. TriodePictureSound. |
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Sorry mike I misread your post. |
dragon_vibe, i did not make the connection between darTZeel and Atma=sphere......you did. i said that in back to back listening sessions ’16 years ago’ i preferred the Tenor OTL’s to the Atma-sphere MA2’s.....which was my opinion back then. and at that time, many agreed with me and did acquire Tenors and loved them. and i absolutely agree that back then those Tenor OTL were unstable and did blow up tubes, which i mentioned. later that design flaw of the Tenor OTL was cleaned up and I provided a link for that information. but we are just going to have to disagree on how we view darTZeel and the current Atma-sphere amplifiers.....which i did not bring up. but, of course, i’m referring to my current darTZeel’s, the 458 mono blocks. we all have a right to our opinion. that said; i’m a fan of both Ralph and Atma-sphere and do strongly recommend them and have recommended them.....and agree it’s a solidly built product well supported.....and on my short list of favorite tube amplifiers. |
I found that the Atma-Sphere Amplifiers sound warmer if you change out all the 6SN7 Tubes provided by Ralph.
The one Ralph gives with the amplifier are Chinese made tubes which to me sound a little bright in the upper regions. Once I swapped these out for good pair of NOS tubes everything changed.
The Noise is most likely from the Tube not the Amplifier. I had the same issue with one channel constantly buzzing, These tubes I used in other pre-amps were dead quiet but in Atma-Sphere they seems very noisy. Once i changed them out for other NOS tubes the noise was gone.
The noise is not from the Pre-amp or the amplifier but the Tubes them selfs, Some of these tubes never show signs of noise in my other pre-amps but for some reason they do in Atma-Sphere.
So the goal is to feed these babies good quality low noise tubes. Once you got the tube noise down and the system dialled in with the tonal balance the system can have a nice warm balancing sound.
Just an advise for those who want a warmer sounding OTL on Atma-Sphere. Use some of the RCA, Sylvinia, Ken-rads. The Sophia Electra used on the pre-amp softened up the system too much to my liking.
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Given how dynamic and lively a good OTL can sound, the world would be full of models being offered, if they didn't have their problems. Most of the ones I've encountered were not fully reliable. The notable exception are the Atmasphere models which don't seem to die or destroy speakers. But, I have also heard a number of setups with Atmasphere OTLs and high efficiency speakers where a hum or buzz could not be ameliorated.
My personal preference in OTL sound, from commercially available amps, was the big Joule OTL (warmer sound than the Atmasphere or Berning), but, the model I heard had problems with tube sockets going bad which caused it to intermittently put out a HUGE pop; a friend with 105 db/w speakers said the pop was as loud as discharging a shotgun indoors. I heard that pop on far less efficient speakers and almost had a heart attack.
I did not understand the appeal of the Tenor at all. In the systems I heard the Tenor in, it did not deliver the incredible dynamics and liveliness that is the primary reason one goes for OTLs.
I also liked the sound of the SAP OTL, but, that amp too, turned out to be unreliable.
The only practical alternatives out there that I know of are Atmasphere and Berning models. Both are certainly worth an audition. I am a tube fan, but, I don't like most high powered tube amps. If I had speakers that demanded more than 40 watts, I would certainly be looking into OTL amps. |
Tenor has a bad reputation in Asia. They also gave OTL in general a bad reputation. Most buyers don’t understand their were tons of companies coming out with OTL and only to go out of business as none of them could figure out how to make a Stable OTL Design.
Everytime i speak of OTL to someone, Tenor would come up into the conversation as something that used to blow up like a dynamite!!!
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Simple fact is Most OTL on the market are not built Like Atma-Sphere. These companies that try to work on OTL cant seem to figure out a Stable build, Atma did this decades ago.
The Simple answer to OP issues is, If you want OTL Stick to Atma-Sphere and you will have Years of trouble free operation.
Sorry but DartZeel is not on the same league as the Atma-Sphere Amplifiers. The Atma is a lot more transparent, faster and throws a larger sound stage and does not sound like a tube nor a solid state. Should I even mention the Atma not only has better transparency it is a lot more emotional to listen too. It draws you into the music and does not sound mechanical.
DartZeel make good solid state amp but I'm sorry it cant be compared to a Atma-Sphere. |
Yes- apparently we're on the same page here, if you'll pardon the expression :)
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@mikelavigne , I remember when that happened, but even back then the story I heard was they were only doing the transistor amp. In all that time, I've yet to hear about a Tenor OTL that was made after the 1st company went under. I suspect what you are seeing for sale are older amps that have been refurbished.
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This statement seems to be incorrect. To the best of my knowledge they only make solid state amps; I’m sure we would have heard about it if they still made OTLs.
FWIW the MA-2 Mk2.2 dates from about 17 years ago... and in the intervening time we have managed to make some progress :) The current incarnation of the MA-2 is Mk3.3. People have described the improvement as a ’transformation’.
Ralph, Tenor makes hybrid tube amps (an update to their Hybrid 300 mono blocks I owned briefly in 2004) now. not sure about any other products. however; back in 2005 a group of investors did purchase the assets of Tenor and did redesign/update the tubed OTL amps and sell them as a current product for some years. there are still a few out there new for sale but not sure it’s a current product anymore. regarding my personal Atma=sphere MA2 experience; if you read my post it says this happened in 2001, 16 years ago. i’ve had many positive things to say about you and your products over the years and just because i preferred the 75 watt Tenor OTL’s back then, does not change the fact you make great products and take great care of your customers. i’ve heard your more recent products many times at shows and they are as you describe. |
Hello All,
I have the Zotl 40 paired with the MZ2S preamp and after 4 days of use,only playing my worst sounding recordings as a test I find they all sound better than I've ever heard them.I'm using Mullard XF2's from 1966 and haven't used the gold lion Kt77' yet.
More evaluation time needed to truly sort this out,but I do believe I have found a pairing that I will be happy with for a long time.
Best,
Kenny. |
@mikelavigne , back to the Tenor OTL’s; eventually Tenor went bankrupt; but the good
news is that another group bought the assets and raised it from the
dead, and the 75 watt Tenor OTL’s got their design cleaned up and did
become reliable......and i would strongly recommend a set if you can
find one (and make sure it was built after 2005 or upgraded. This statement seems to be incorrect. To the best of my knowledge they only make solid state amps; I'm sure we would have heard about it if they still made OTLs. FWIW the MA-2 Mk2.2 dates from about 17 years ago... and in the intervening time we have managed to make some progress :) The current incarnation of the MA-2 is Mk3.3. People have described the improvement as a 'transformation'. |
my OTL experience is now more than 10 years ago, but the OTL magic is still a guiding light in my sonic compass. in 2001 i was moving away from Wilson WP6’s and top level Mark Levinson #32 and #33 mono blocks. i looking for a more involving and musical presentation and purchased Kharma Exquisite Reference 1D speakers and starting searching for an amp to go with it. tried a few and then had the opportunity to demo the Atma=sphere MA2 Mk2.2’s in my room and really liked it. i was ready to pull the trigger but then had another opportunity to try the Tenor 75 watt OTL mono blocks. ok; here was a modestly powerful amplifier but this one had a fire in the mid range and was linear top and bottom. it seemed like a direct connection to the music. so i purchased the Tenors and had a 3 year love affair. like some other love affairs, it was painful too. the darn Tenor would explode on a regular basis and take out drivers in the Kharma’s. that direct sound and lack of transformers did have it’s dark side. so I ended my love affair.....but looked around for a something else that could be similar but was reliable. i ended up with darTZeel NHB-108 solid state which combined that fire in the mid range and transparency of the Tenors, but also had the solid state attributes of lower noise, more authority, and reliability. back to the Tenor OTL’s; eventually Tenor went bankrupt; but the good news is that another group bought the assets and raised it from the dead, and the 75 watt Tenor OTL’s got their design cleaned up and did become reliable......and i would strongly recommend a set if you can find one (and make sure it was built after 2005 or upgraded. it’s a magical amplifier. or get a darTZeel solid state and never look back. i did. |
bsimpson, in case you may still be following your thread.
I've owned a pair of AtmaSphere monoblocs and spent time with a few different Joule Electras. From that experience I can offer two considerations.
First is the appropriate match with speakers. That is a question of both power and load impedance. Proper mating with lower than 8 ohms can be problematic.
Second is the issue with heat. More output tubes may be required per channel to drive lower loads with OTLs. My AtmaSpheres had 10 outputs per channel to produce 100 watts which I attempted with 4 ohm speakers. They put out more heat than similarly rated transformer coupled tube amps. But with less demanding (i.e. complex) music at reasonable levels they were magical.
That was all some years ago and now I look forward to auditioning the ZOTL 40s that lancelock recommends.
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bsimpson- I've owned amps by the 3 major players in the OTL game at one time or another. Here are my thoughts:
Joule-Electra 80 wpc stereoblock- Big, somewhat warm sound, build quality of basic chassis (no idea about music block) not as robust as it could be. I suspect that thaluza's problem w the hum/buzz was due to bad joint at the input jacks. Tremendous amount of heat. Not recommended for those w inquisitive children. The most "fiddley" of the 3. Somewhat cubersome power-up procedure.
Berning ZH-270- One of the Berning built amps, not the newer LTAs. Not fiddley at all. Auto-biasing and auto-dc offset nulling. Tube life should be very long. I found the sound not all that engaging, but then again, I used it w/o a pre-amp and I have found that the pre-amp is a critical part of a system. Lightest weight and lowest heat output of the 3.
Atma-sphere- I have owned the M-60s and now the S-30. Manual bias and dc offset. No reliability issues at all so far. More neutral sounding and "faster" than the Joule. Best customer support imaginable. UPgrade path available, which extends warranty. One of my 2 "go to amps" (the other is a VAC Ren 30/30).
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@tubegroover - agreed, no more debates needed since it's certainly not a traditional OTL. I suggest only having a listen. My MZ2-S pre and ZOTL40 combo powering my Janszen electrostats is the finest sound I've experienced. |
Not too sure about the SA-4, I was always of the understanding that they were one of the problematic designs. Agree that Atmasphere is certainly dependable and at least in my experience the Transcendent T-8 I owned without a hiccup. The Berning ZOTL designs are very dependable as well but the design is not a purist OTL without risk of opening up that debate again. |
Look into David Berning's ZOTL designs built by Linear Tube Audio. |
Not all OTL are the same in tube topology some are very reliable than others |
The only OTL other than an Atma-Sphere I would own would be the Counterpoint SA-4, designed by Roger Modjeski of Music Reference. One advantage of the SA-4 is it's lower output impedance, providing more predictable frequency response (read John Atkinson's tube amp test results and his comments on the subject---a major tube-amp factor ignored by many owners). |
No issues with past Atmasphere amps. Very safe and trouble free. |
"
What's your OTL tube amp experience"
Try not to get to close when you turn it on. |
