Measure first. :) Not everyone needs a bass trap. Absorbers (including traps) change both frequency response and clarity. They are essentially room tone controls. If you lack bass, you want to absorb mid-high frequency.
Most people have too much of everything, so a balanced approach of reducing the reflections and resonance times is usually a good idea, but each room is different. If you have a lot of glass surfaces for instance, you need extra mid-hi absorption wherever you can get it. Ceilings, behind your listening position, etc.