Within your budget I went with a small Luxman 10wpc integrated tube amp with built in Phono, both MM and MC, with remote volume. Sounds terrific.
I wanted tube sound, but minimum heat in a small room, so went low power, and decently efficient speaker, restored AR-2ax 3 way with 10" woofer and level controls for the tweeter and mid.
I switch headshells, use both MM and MC cartridge, but you are limited to a MC cartridge that works with the Luxman’s specs, 100ohm load is ideal for my mc: 0.3mv; 10 ohm coil
PHONO (MM): 3.0mV/47kΩ
PHONO (MC): 0.33mV/100Ω
LINE: 180mV/47kΩ
I actually got enough volume out of that amp using less efficient Wharfedale 225’s, but they sounded small without a sub