With a new house build our electrician installed in our Eaton panel whole house surge protectors which occupied two slots and would last as long as they were not "invoked". Once they trap a surge, they need to be replaced.
In our former home, I had a Leviton 52000 series whole house surge protector, which was much more expensive and much more sophisticated, with two replaceable "modules", when one would trap a surge, it would need to be replaced. If my memory serves me, I think we paid something like $1200 for the Leviton unit about 20 years ago, plus labor.