Watts and power


Can somebody break it down in layman's terms for me? Why is it that sometimes an amp that has a high watt rating (like, say, a lot of class D amps do) don't seem to always have the balls that much lower rated A or AB amps do? I have heard some people say, "It's not the watts, it's the power supply." Are they talking about big honkin' toroidal transformers? I know opinions vary on a speaker like, say, Magnepans - Maggies love power, right? A lot of people caution against using class D amps to drive them and then will turn around and say that a receiver like the Outlaw RR2160 (rated at 110 watts into 8 ohms) drives Maggies really well! I'm not really asking about differences between Class D, A, or AB so much as I am asking about how can you tell the POWER an amp has from the specs? 
redstarwraith

Showing 1 response by sfischer1

Power is the product of the signal voltage * current * the cos(phase angle between them).
That cos term and the ability to act as an ideal source as the load impedance drops, is what makes most of the difference when it comes to balls.
The cos term varies between +1 and 0 as a factor depending on whether the load is completely inductive or capacitive, or something in between, at a given frequency. A purely resistive load will always be a factor of 1.
The impedance, usually simplistically thought of as 8 or 4 ohms, can often vary as low as 1 ohm or as high as 20 ohm, as a composite of resistance, inductance and capacitance.
A good indicator of the balls of an amp is if it can double its’ output power down to loads as small as 1 ohm. Most can’t.
Then there’s the concept of bridging or strapping an amp to make it a mono-block. In the case of bridging an amp, the two outputs are connected in series, out of phase, potentially doubling the voltage swing, but the same current capability, across the two pos terminals. This can result in a potential V**2/R power increase of 4x. Strapping places the two outputs in parallel, resulting in the same output voltage swing but with a potential doubling of the current capability. You might think that this could also result in an I**2*R 4x power increase but it doesn’t because the required voltage level can’t be met.
What this means is that in my opinion, the strapped output results in a much ballsier amp, able to easily drive difficult loads, than the bridging case. The BAT VK tube amps, and Accuphase A200 or A250 comes to mind. If you have a relatively easy load, the bridged case will likely provide greater volume or power levels but will peter out (current starved) if trying for the same levels with a difficult load loudspeaker.