Just for the record, I had excellent results using the WA chip on my Audio Magic nano liquid fuse. I also had good results on headphones near the transducers with the inductor WA chips, on the breaker box with cable WA chips, and on various other things. Ironically the cable WA chip did not work for my cables. The secret ingredient is obviously mixed in with the adhesive backing of the chips, which leads me to still think it’s another application of ye olde quantum dots. What else could it be? I actually don’t believe the WA Quantum Chip maker is HIFI Tuning, but another German company, hence the relationship between HiFi Tuning and WA Quantum Chip. I also seriously doubt WA would interfere with Black fuse operation, as long as the chip did not cover the little black dot of you know what on the body of the Black fuse. And even if it did, so what. It's only a small number of atoms in there. Hel-loo!
|
Flashunlock wrote,
"Ozzy... thanks again. a lot of tweaks don't work in my system because it is a very balanced and revealing one."
I had a bad feeling this would happen one day.
:-) |
Mapman, the blurb, "changes at a submolecular level" on the page you linked to appears to be nothing more than ad copy by VH Audio, a dealer for the chips. Has the actual WA Chip manufacturer revealed something you can sink your teeth into? Probably not. |
One can't help wondering: what exactly are the WA Chips doing? Any ideas? Since the various sizes/types of chips appear to be formulated for specific applications and while there might be some coincidental interchangeability of some chips, they appear to address something unique to each application - fuse, speaker, transformer, musical instrument, etc. Are the chips interacting with voltage? Charge? Voltage? Vibration? Electromagnetic field? Something else? |
Antigrunge wrote,
"All I can tell is that their effect is not unlike that of Bybee purifiers although they happily coexist and support each other. Given the applications, I think it has most likely to do with RFI/EMI suppression although my guess is as good as anybody's."
Not sure I go along with your detective work, there, Antigrunge. If it has to do with RFI/EMI suppression how do you explain the use of the chips on musical instruments? That certainly can't be RFI/EMI suppression, can it?
Cheers |
Mapman wrote,
"I think I've seen their literature says it changes molecular structures somehow or something along that line."
Link, please, or quote. |
WA-Quantum GMBH Debut Audiophile "Quantum Chips"
Source: Press Release
"WA-Quantum GMBH is a manufacturer of high technology products including a line of "Chips" operating at a subatomic Quantum level, which improve the efficiency of current flow and signal transmission in audio devices including fuses, capacitors, phono cartridges and tonearms, transformers, transducers, and audio cabling.
Special chips are also available for use with both electronic and acoustic musical instruments.
In each case the Chip is mounted on an adhesive backing which can be attached to the device. The Chips are "programmed" for their specified applications."
|
Mapman,
To make things even more confusing, when the appropriate WA Quantum Chip is used on an acoustic musical instrument the tone and overall sound of the instrument improves, according to the testimonials of musicians. If the WA chip, as the press release states, "improves the efficiency of current flow and signal transmission," one wonders how can that be the mechanism of operation for an acoustic musical instrument? |
Onhwy61 wrote,
""a line of "Chips" operating at a subatomic Quantum level, which improve the efficiency of current flow and signal transmission."
If it did this, wouldn't this technology be in every auto, plane, cell phone, communications satellite, space probe, computer, television, cell phone tower, etc.? Wouldn't dozens of industries be rushing to embrace this technology? Why are only audiophiles able to perceive the advantage?"
It's not necessarily that only audiophiles are able to perceive the advantage. It's more likely that audiophiles are interested in or even enamored with cutting edge technology, whereas industries like telecommunications, NASA, aviation and the military are deliberate and slow in embracing new or cutting edge technologies since new technologies take a very long time to assess and integrate into existing systems. I.e., those organizations are very conservative. Audiophiles are under no such constraint, they simply try these newfangled things out and see how they sound. The Shakti OnLines were measured to provide better gas mileage but I kinda doubt General Motors ever heard of Shakti, much less integrated Shakti products into their automobiles. On the other hand, some vibration isolation concepts for audio were derived from microscopy and some quantum audiophile products were derived from military submarine technology. |
Red and Blue Intelligent Chips. Sound familiar?
"The original GSIC (still around and upgraded, by the way) is used on CDs and its effects are permanent. The new ones are placed on top of transformers and power cords and their effects are completely reversible. They come in two versions: the light Blue is for use on amps; the orangey-Red is for front-end gear. I can merely hope the fracas caused by the original GSIC is not to be repeated."
Full review of the Red and Blue Chips by Positive Feedback at:
http://www.positive-feedback.com/Issue26/gsic.htm |
Raj wrote,
"This is weird stuff."
What's weird is that high end audio has found more applications for quantum mechanics than any other industry, including the military, energy, telecommunications, space, computer, automotive and aviation. As for quantum dots applications, the best the private sector can come up with is some pretty little Christmas tree lights. |
Have you tried backing out any of the other chips to see if their effects have been holding steady? |
Raj,
But if they are quantum mechanical in nature wouldn't that be big news? Most folks probably figure quantum mechanics is strictly an atomic or subatomic level phenomenon and has no relation to the real, Macro world. Something that small, if it contains quantum material, must contain extremely minute amounts of the stuff, you know, being so thin and small. One wonders, if you wear infrared goggles in a dark room would you be able to see photon emission of the WA chips? What would happen if you cut one of the WA Quantum Chips in half? Could you get two chips for the price of one? Why are so many types and sizes of chips necessary?
If the WA Chips are NOT quantum, why on Earth would a company chose the word Quantum for the name? Doesn't make sense, you know, with so many folks like yourself suspicious of anything with the word Quantum in it. You know how audiophiles are....
And if the WA Chips aren't Quantum what else could they possibly be, you know, being so small and thin? And there being so many types, each "programmed" for a specific application. |
Mapman wrote,
Geoff said, "But if they are quantum mechanical in nature wouldn't that be big news?"
Mapman wrote, "Maybe. It all depends. The devil is in the details which apparently are not being disclosed in this case. So as presented, it cannot be assessed as anything beyond a marketing term which is apparently good enough."
According to the press release the WA Quantum Chips operate at the "subatomic Quantum level." I realize that is not very helpful. However, they go on to say,
"In each case the Chip is mounted on an adhesive backing which can be attached to the device. The Chips are "programmed" for their specified applications."
Now, what else besides quantum material can be programmed? You know, "programmable matter." "Artificial atoms." Hel-looo! If what they say about the chips being programmed for specific applications is not true, I.e., a marketing ploy, the various chips should be interchangeable, no? |
Rja wrote,
"Now it seems the "Quantum" moniker is all the rage and some people seem disturbed by this, most likely those with some physics background, because they see the name as "false" advertising. 8^)"
There have been quantum physics devices in audio for more than twenty years. Bybee, Quantum Corp., now Nordost, not to mention the original Intelligent Chip and Ultra Tweeters from JMSR as well as Rainbow Foil and the Red X Pen from PWB. Could it be the physics types are either in denial or haven't been paying attention?
"And although dissection of aliens doesn't really interest me the dissection of a Quantum Chip would. Anyone have an electron microscope they'd like to volunteer?"
Some skeptics did just that with the original Intelligent Chip, examined the top and bottom surfaces of the tiny metal disc contained inside the orange Intelligent Chip with a scanning electron microscope at a metallurgy lab. The skeptics who examined the chip found nothing and claimed the quantum aspect of the device was a scam. Little did the skeptics realize the "quantum material" is located between two thin discs sandwiched together. They also did not realize there are only several million or so atoms of the "quantum material" inside. So, even if they had thought to open up the metal sandwich and tried to find the quantum atoms with the electron microscope they would never have been able to find them. It would be like looking for a tiny needle in a huge haystack! |
Mapman wrote,
"How does one know if the chip is working properly or if defective?"
That's what the naysayers always ask about tweaks when someone reports no effects or that it makes the sound worse. There are a number of reasons why people sometimes don't hear certain tweaks. Defective product is not one of them. And no, the electrons in the WA Chips do not evaporate. You tried some tweaks that didn't work, right? Were they defective? Lol
The main reasons why people sometimes don't hear certain tweaks or don't get the same results as most users are (1) instructions were not followed correctly, (2) there is at least one problem somewhere in the system that prevents the device under test from being heard, (3) the listening ability of the user is not all he thinks it is, and (4) the system is not sufficiently resolving to be capable of revealing the effects.
"How is the customer support with these products when results are not heard and a defective device a possibility?"
When did you stop beating your wife?
As someone pointed out earlier, some dealers for the WA Chips, if not all, have a 30 day return policy. Furthermore, don't all tweaks these days have a 30 day return policy? You know, what the Four Reasons why some customers don't hear them. |
Onhwy61 wrote,
"It's important to remember that audiophiles are more interested in cutting edge technology than NASA, the military or the telecommunications industry. Anyway, that's what one person argued earlier in this thread."
Yes, I get the sarcasm, but let's do a quick survey, shall we, of some of the technological innovations, advanced technology devices and cutting edge technology that have come down the audio pike in the last 20 years or so.
In no particular order - Quantum Resonance Technology (QRT), quantum dot nanotechnology, sub-Hertz vibration isolation, quantum teleportation, Lessloss Blackbody, mind-matter interaction (cream electret, rainbow foil), mineral crystals for resonance and RFI/EMI control, ionizers and demagnetizers for CDs and LPs, Schumann Frequency Generator, whatever the WA Quantum Chips are made from, Herbie's HALO electron tube dampers, SteinMusic Harmonizer, Mpingo Disc resonator, tiny little bowl resonators from Tchang and Synergistic Research, Bybee quantum filters, and morphic resonance (Red X Coordinate Pen and Morphic Message Foils from PWB).
NASA, by contrast, brought us rocks from the moon, exploding Space Shuttles, a Space Telescope that couldn't see and the dream that there might be water on Mars. |
Mapman, I'm a little disappointed that you completely overlooked asking if quantum material might have long term health risks. It seems to me that's the logical next question after asking if they might be defective. You can't eat just one chip. Ha ha
GK
MD |
Flashunlock, was it anything like this (excerpt from the Positive Feedback review of the Red And Blue Intelligent Chips review):
"However, the application is wholly different. The original GSIC (still around and upgraded, by the way) is used on CDs and its effects are permanent. The new ones are placed on top of transformers and power cords and their effects are completely reversible. They come in two versions: the light Blue is for use on amps; the orangey-Red is for front-end gear. I can merely hope the fracas caused by the original GSIC is not to be repeated.
Four of the Blues went on top of the IEC jacks of the power cords at the point where they entered the Kharma MP150 monoblocks; three Reds similarly went onto PCs of the front-end. After a couple of rounds of on and off, one hones in on their effects: the insignificant, little, weight-less, blue wafers produced noticeably sharper transient attacks and soundstage focus. Whathow do they do that??? You actually get a crisper, faster, tighter, and more dynamic presentation. Image borders firmed up, and the corpus inside them became more solid and dense. In the bass, this firming was heard as a propulsive, noticeable, bouncing rhythmic line. The chips also redistributed sound energy, taking some away from the lower mids and moving it downwards into the bass region. All to the good, you would think. However, I wasn't so sure about that. I had a nicely balanced frequency distribution to start with: the chip-induced redistribution caused some lumps and unevennessFabio's violin lost some of its patina and acquired an unnatural and disturbing focus. The sound was evidencing a degree of hardness now.
Without the chips, the presentation was notably softer, less focused, and more spread. Stage width was more continuous across its span because instrumental borders weren't as demarcated. Dimensional cues were good, and frequency response was nice and even, if favoring the midrange. I liked it better this way, without them: I judged it more natural." |
Flashunlock, I can abide with the WA Chips not making a difference in some applications and in some systems. That's one thing. But when they hurt the sound, that I cannot abide. Did you by any chance bring a lot of books or telephone books into your place last week? :-) |
It would be very clever if the quantum material was contained in the adhesive. Of course that might represent a problem if the chips are moved from one location to another.
The manufacturer recommends first trying the chips without removing the backing sheet in order to evaluate them.
"The WA-Quantum Chips come with a 14 day money back guarantee. A full refund will be granted only if the Chips are returned without any damage. In particular, the sheet at the back should be in place. The Chips can be given a first try by placing them on a component with the back sheet still in place."
GK |
Raks wrote,
"Has anyone dissected one of the Chips and looked at it under a microscope?"
That's an interesting question. What exactly would he be looking for and where would he look for it? Let's he's using a scanning electron microscope. First place to look: under the big W. :-) |
Oozy wrote,
"Well, I just removed the cable chips that I had on all of my XLR HiDiamond interconnects, and to my surprise the music became more fleshed out. This is very strange since originally I thought it was much better."
Uh, oh. Big trouble in little Quantumland.
:-) |
Mapman, you must not have seen It's a Mad, Mad, Mad, Mad, Mad World. The money was buried under the Big W. Are jokes verboten here?
With respect to all my questions, you're probably too young to remember the Socratic Method. :-)
Did you have a question? :-) |
Ozzy, I have found when it comes to quantum mechanics you need to develop a sensa humor. I have, or have had, the Magic Ring, Ultra Tweeters (including the Delux version), the Soundstage Enhancer, the original Intelligent Chip, the Red and Blue Intelligent Chips, Quantum Electaclear, Quantum Symphony and Quantum Clip, among many other quantum mechanical devices. Not to mention my own quantum mechanical products - there are now four. Blush. I wrote the definitive explanation for the Intelligent Chip 7 years ago. I designed the next generation Intelligent Chip and the Super Intelligent Chip. I have some of the WA Q Chips sitting here waiting for my new Blu Ray player to get modded, so I can't comment yet on their sonic attributes. |
Ozzy, it will likely be a while before I get a chance to play around with the WA Q Chips, unfortunately. I'm on a list. Ha ha. One can't help wondering, you know, with the reports of the sound changing over time, getting worse, after the WA chips are installed, if maybe the chips are morphing, changing their original formulation from something positive to something onerous. I'm still collating but what could make them morph, I mean, besides the black liquid from Prometheus? Ha ha. Could there be a connection to the Intelligent Chip, and why the Intelligent Chip runs out of steam? Hmmmmm, puzzling.
Cheers, Geoff |
Mapman wrote,
"The vendors clearly use the term "quantum" in their marketing literature yet provide little or no information beyond that. Those are the only "facts" provided. So make of it what you will."
You overlooked one key bit of data provided on the manufacturer's site.
"Eight specifically programmed types available."
Make of it what you will. Heh |
Let's see, what else could the WA Quantum Chip possibly be if it doesn't contain quantum material? Something that can be "programmed" for each application, something that cannot be seen (maybe it's in the ink used to make the W and A on the stickers....hmmmmm), something that apparently can improve the sound, do nothing, or hurt the sound. Can we rule out PWB Morphic Message Foils, Cream Electret and Leaf Green Cream, constrained layer damping and EMI/RFI absorbing ink/paint? |
Koestner wrote,
"Isn't everything in the universe made of quantum material? What is "Quantum Material"? Quantum Theory is a statistical endeavor to understand matter/energy on a small scale. To me, quantum material is just a bunch of BS."
Obviously everything in the universe is made of atoms, but that is not what I'm referring to by, "quantum material." "Quantum material" in the context of the Intelligent Chip - and perhaps the WA Q Chips - is "artificial atoms," laboratory-grown nanoscale semiconductors that behave much differently than ordinary atoms. These "artificial atoms" can be designed to exhibit specific characteristics, such as wavelength of emitted photons and bandwidth of absorbed energy.
Furthermore, quantum mechanics is not entirely the theory of energy and matter on a small scale, as you stated; quantum mechanics has evolved to the application stage, where quantum mechanical effects are observed on a macro scale and where quantum mechanical principles can be applied to real world problems and applications. For example, the laser in an ordinary CD player is actually a "quantum well" and behaves quantum mechanically, the fluorescing laser photons' color/wavelength being a function of the characteristics of the "quantum material" inside the laser assembly. The "quantum material" inside the Intelligent Chip is referred to as "quantum dots," in which the electrons are confined in all three dimensions. |
Mapman, the difference between a real atom and an artificial one, one grown in the lab, is that the real atom has a real nucleus in the center with real electrons around it, whereas an artificial atom has an empty hole in the center with real electrons around it. The hole has a positive charge. Follow? I work with one of the world's largest nanotechnology companies to obtain the unobtanium. |
Raytheprinter wrote,
"Does the fact that these artificial atoms have a ,,,empty hole where a nucleus is in a real atom as opposed a real nucleus make a difference?
The artificial atoms emit coherent light, unlike real atoms. It's a quantum confinement thing, I.e., Broglie wavelength. Like a CD laser (as I said before).
"Geoff, What is the name of this big company you work with?"
That's between me and my hairdresser. |
Mapman,
Wikipedia to the rescue.
Quantum dot
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Different sized quantum dots emit different color light due to quantum confinement. A quantum dot is a portion of matter (e.g., semiconductor) whose excitons are confined in all three spatial dimensions. Consequently, such materials have electronic properties intermediate between those of bulk semiconductors and those of discrete molecules.[1][2][3] They were discovered at the beginning of the 1980s by Alexei Ekimov[4] in a glass matrix and by Louis E. Brus in colloidal solutions. The term "quantum dot" was coined by Mark Reed.[5]
Researchers have studied quantum dots in transistors, solar cells, LEDs, and diode lasers. They have also investigated quantum dots as agents for medical imaging and hope to use them as qubits in quantum computing.
Stated simply, quantum dots are semiconductors whose electronic characteristics are closely related to the size and shape of the individual crystal. Generally, the smaller the size of the crystal, the larger the band gap, the greater the difference in energy between the highest valence band and the lowest conduction band becomes, therefore more energy is needed to excite the dot, and concurrently, more energy is released when the crystal returns to its resting state. For example, in fluorescent dye applications, this equates to higher frequencies of light emitted after excitation of the dot as the crystal size grows smaller, resulting in a color shift from red to blue in the light emitted. In addition to such tuning, a main advantage with quantum dots is that, because of the high level of control possible over the size of the crystals produced, it is possible to have very precise control over the conductive properties of the material.[6] Quantum dots of different sizes can be assembled into a gradient multi-layer nanofilm. |
Mapman wrote,
"It usually never hurts to have a sense of humor, but there are some things that are almost impossible or perhaps even ill advised to just laugh at."
Ooooooo....OK, no laughing from now on. Mapman is getting in one of his pensive moods.
-;( |
Mapman, I take it you must have slept through the whole Intelligent Chip thing, eh? The Orange, Red and Blue Intelligent Chips all contained quantum dots. This is very hush, hush, so please keep it under your hat.
:-)
GK
Machina Dynamica
We Do Artificial Atoms Right |
Flashunlock, you might want to pick up a pack of removeable Glue Dots at Office Depot or CVS. They're what the big boys use. |
From dealer for the WA Quantum Chip:
"Chips that have been cut or otherwise opened up to expose the interior treated material are explicitly excluded from this Guarantee."
It would appear that cutting or otherwise exposing the interior quantum material exposes the material to light, which would change the nature of the quantum material over time, just as the number if treatments of the original Intelligent Chip was limited due to repeated bombardment by the CD laser. The WA Chip sandwich material is almost certainly some sort of polycarbonate film or similar IR blocker that protects the quantum material inside the sandwich from exposure to sunlight, room lighting and laser light.
Cutting the WA Chip allows light to enter through the edge of the chip, changing it's functional characteristic. It's also possible the sandwich material is not 100% lightproof so that a sufficient amount of light permeates the film over a period of time - especially in proximity to a CD laser - to change the functional characteristics of the quantum material. |
"How would you reckon the chip will work on say a grand piano with such size? Stick the instrument chip on the body, external, internal, on some keys. seems to complex to grasp where it would have its effect."
Take something relatively simple, say a flute. How does the chip affect the sound? I.e., what is the operating mechanism? Or a bass drum - what would be the operating mechanism? |
Theaudiotweak, I'm removing it as we speak. |
There are no WA Chip for CDs. Remember, each WA chip is designed with a specific application in mind, inductors/transducers, cables/power cords, caps, etc. The "synthetic material" in the chip is programmed differently for each application. There is only one chip these days for CDs. And because the laser changes the nature of the synthetic material the CD chip doesn't last very long, unlike the WA chips, it must be discarded after 14 uses. But the effects of the CD chip are permanent. |
Have been playing around with WA Quantum Chips for a while. I have been using three cable chips and two transformer chips. I am using them in a headphone system comprising a modded Oppo 103 and Bada PH12 Hybrid SET tube headphone amp along with naked Sennheiser 600s. Cabling by Analysis Plus and Nordost, all of which has been cryo'd and broken in on the latest Audiodharma Cable Cooker. I am determined to get to the bottom of the WA Quantum Chips; however, so far I have to side with those who have had inconsistent results. I admit I am probably not the best person to evaluate these chips IF it's TRUE that they need a few days or a week to settle in, since there is SO MUCH else to do besides wait around for the chips to settle in. So, far I have not had an Ah, ha! moment. Last night I removed all WA Chips from the system and will try a new strategy for them in the next day or two such as trying a cable chip on the breaker box. |
Ozzy, thanks for the tip. I placed a cable chip on both banks of breakers and that did the trick. |
tweakaudio, interesting comment as i am mpretty sure the chip has nothung to do with magnetism. As it the chip sounds superb, by the way... kind of unbelievable really. |
Whaddyaknow? Someone somewhere posted he didn't have any luck with the WA Transformer Chip on his transformer, but that he did have good luck with the Transformer Chips on the grills of his Sennheiser Headphones. Well, guess what? I also didn't have any luck with my 2 WA Transformer Chips on my headphone amp's large toroidal transformer so I stuck the WA Chips directly on the frame of my Sennheiser 600s right next to the transducers (No grills on these babies). Voila! Next up, a bunch of WA Chips for large capacitors for my headphone Amp and in the Oppo 103 analog section + WA Chip for fuse in headphone amp + WA DAC chip for Oppo 103. |
Davidpritchard, I stuck a WA Cable Chip directly onto each row of breaker switches at the breaker box. Now, THAT I heard! Then, on the advice of Steve at The Cable Co. I removed the metal plate surrounding the breaker box to expose the internal cabling for the circuit breakers and applied one WA Cable Chip directly around the power cable at the point where it comes into the breaker for the circuit for my system (rather than sticking the chip directly on the breakers themselves). This location location turned out to be even more powerful without side effects like over etching or shutting in the sound. However, it does raise some very puzzling questions about how the WA Cable Chip actually works. |
Ozzy wrote,
"Geoffkait, Why are using a cable chip instead of a power chip on the incoming AC wires?"
Ozzy, the three Cable Chips I have were not getting the job done on any of my interconnects or power cords, and were just lying around, so I didn't have anything to lose by trying them on the breaker box and the power cable coming into the breaker box. The Cable Chip is, after all, recommended for power cables as well as other types of cables, so its placement on the power cable coming into the breaker box makes some sense. Not that I have anything against the Power Chip. |
Davidpritchard wrote,
"I was thinking then two of the fuse size chips on a CD. That way no out of balance problems. I think this would be a good experiment by someone who has some fuse chips."
I doubt the mass of the Small Fuse Chip is sufficient to throw the CD off balance. Heck, most CD transports aren't absolutely level, anyway, so the CD will be wobbling during play. But I think one needs to have a theory about where the WA Chip is placed - in the case of the circuit at the breaker box, the Cable Chip makes sense because it is designed for power cables as well as other audio cables and the Transformer Chip on headphones makes sense because the Transformer Chip is designed for coils/inductors/voice coils. There isn't a WA Chip that springs to mind as being appropriate for a CD per se, although maybe randomly placing diffenent WA chips inside the player might eventually get results. The Intelligent Chip, on the other hand, is designed specifically for CDs and will not work on cables, caps, coils, etc. It's the way the synthetic material is fabricated.
"Geoff, Your position at the circuit breaker box incoming power cable is where I have a box of crystals. I like their effect here on soundstage and detail."
Crystals. Love 'em or hate 'em. I like their effect almost anywhere.
"I do use the "Intellegent Chip" treatment on my CD's. Would the Quantum Chips add anything? Remember I have put the Music Chip on an acoustic guitar and viola and heard the difference."
Difficult to be absolutely 100% sure but off the top of my head I kind of doubt any WA Chip will produce results on a CD. The Music Chip is designed to go on musical instruments, including acoustic ones. Would any other WA Chip work on a musical instrument? Probably not. |
Just installed large and small capacitor chips and fuse chip in SET headphone amp last night and will be installing large and small capacitor chips and some of the brand new semiconductor chips for DAC and other ICs in the Oppo 103 this morning.. |
There's no way anyone is going to believe this. |
So, here's a question in case someone has figured this out already. Actually, a two-part question. For a bank of small capacitors - I have a bank of six small capacitors in my Oppo and a bank of eight small caps in my headphone amp - should a WA Capacitor Chip be placed on all capacitors of the bank or only on one capacitor? Second part of the question - if only one WA Capacitor Chip is necessary should it be a Small Capacitor Chip or a Large Capacitor Chip (even though all the capacitors are small)? I.e., what differentiates a Small capacitor from a Large one, the capacitance or the voltage, or both? |
Since my last post I was informed by Kemp Electronics, manufacturer of the WA Quantum Chips, that if the Large Capacitor Chip will fit on the top of the capacitor then use the Large chip. |
