To put it more plainly, would you likely get better overall results from a $5000 preamp and $5000 amp, or from a $10,000 integrated, given the likely quality/components used in equipment in those price ranges.
You cannot compare using your example because:
1) You'd automatically expect you'd get higher performance from better parts in the integrated because it's casework is costs is less than 2+ caseworks of a pre+amp(s)
2) The comparison isn't reality - it likely doesn't exist. For your example to work, all the components must be from the same manufacturer. Otherwise, it's not apples to apples.
A better way is to look at this is:
1) Is the flexibility in planning for future preamp, amp changes/upgrades important to you?
2) If so, do you prefer a higher sonics of a integrate or the flexibility of separate components? While you may be able to find both, it's usually a tradeoff and thus a personal preference
3) If not, then likely best to stick with an integrated. Check Stereophile, The Absolute Sound, and others reviews. Forum suggestions for a 10k integrated also helpful.
FYI - the Aesthetix Mimas integrated has great (excellent for the $) optional phono and DAC cards reviews. Also, this integrated can be used as a preamp only (Aesthetix has great reputation for their preamps) if you want to try a different amp later.