Types and reason to use of not

Hold it. You bought a $200 turntable with an internal Phonostage? And $10,000 of amps. Ok, we need to talk.

While you must carefully choose your components. But a general rule of thumb would be: Turntable $5K, Phonostage $5K, preamp $5K, amp $5K, speakers $12K. This kind of thing puts the fidelity of components in approximate synergy and equal footing. If you also have digital: streamer $5K and DAC $5K.

The USB port on the back of the turntable is to transfer the signal to your PC or MAC. It requires a cable. I assume when you plug in the turntable into a computer and turn on the TT, a window should pop up asking you if you want to play the record or store it.

The port on the front of your Marantz is to plug in thumb drives.

Optical connections are nearly always inferior to coax. So use coax for both connections.