While the OP specifically mentions jazz clubs, the visa cost applies to all entering musicians and artists. If you understand economic supply and demand, then added costs to entry will lessen the demand for visas. Less artist will come to the US. Additionally, other actions taken by the US government have resulted in an overall decline in foreigners visiting with artists and musicians being a small part.
The Musician Tariff
Listening to Heather Bambrick on Jazz.fm this morning I learned that the time to process a visa application for performers has doubled and that to get an expedited visa now costs $2,800, limiting the ability of musicians to schedule tours in the US.
I have such a hard time even finding a jazz club, learning that now we can’t even get musicians just makes me even sadder.