I use a Marantz CD-5001 CD player in the same configuration (on the night stand) and it works quite well. I paid just over $200 for mine and it was a new open box sale, you might find one used for less. It has a separate headphone amp section and I am very happy with it. I listen through a pair of modded Senn 580s and it has plenty of power for them.
Receiver for headphone use only
I have recently thought about purchasing a receiver to set on my night stand to use with head phones. This set up, if purchased, would not be used a lot so I wouldn't want to invest a lot of money. I am not opposed to vintage receivers, quite the opposite in fact. Any suggestions? Is a nice $100 vintage receiver unrealistic?