Is harmonic accuracy and timbre important at all?


Disclaimer: I am not Richard Hardesty in disguise. But I have reached similar ground after many years of listening and equipment swapping and upgrading and would enjoy discourse from a position that is simply not discussed enough here.

I feel a strong need to get on a soap box here, albeit friendly, and I don't mind a rigorous discussion on this topic. My hope is that, increasingly, manufacturers will take notice of this important aspect of music reproduction. I also know that it takes time, talent, money and dedication to accomplish accuracy of timbre in speaker design and that "shamanism" and "snake oil," along with major bux spent on fine cabinetry that may do little to improve the sound, exists everywhere in this industry.

I fully acknowledge that Dunlavy and Meadowlark, a least for now, are gone, and that only Vandersteen and Thiel survive amidst a sea of harmonically inaccurate, and frequently far more expensive, speakers.

Can you help me understand why anyone would want to hear timbre and harmonic content that is anything but as accurate as possible upon transducing the signal fed by the partnering amplifier? It seems to me if you skew the sonic results in any direction away from the goal of timbral accuracy, then you add, or even subtract, any number of poorly understood and potentially chaotic independent and uncontrollable variables to listening enjoyment.

I mean, why would you want to hear only some of the harmonic content of a clarinet or any other instrument that is contained on the recording? Why would you not want the speaker, which we all agree is the critical motor that conveys the musical content at the final stage of music reproduction, to provide you with as much as possible by minimizing harmonic conent loss due to phase errors, intentionally imparted by the speaker designer?

Why anyone would choose a speaker that does this intentionally, by design, and that is the key issue here, is something I simply cannot fathom, unless most simply do not understand what they're missing.

By intentional, I mean inverting the midrange or other drivers in phase in an ill-fated attempt to counter the deleterious effects that inexpensive, high-order crossovers impart upon the harmonic content of timbre. This simply removes harmonic content. None of these manufacurers has ever had the cojones to say that Jim Thiel, Richard Vandersteen or John Dunlavy were wrong about this fundamental design goal. And none of them ever tries to counter the fact that they intentionally manufacture speakers they know, by their own hand, are sonically inaccurate, while all the all the same in many cases charging unsuspecting so-called audiophiles outlandish summs of money.

Also, the use of multiple drivers assigned identical function which has clearly been shown to smear phase and creates lobing, destroying essentially the point source nature of instruments played in space that give spatial, time and phasing so important to timbre rendering.

I truly belive that as we all get better at listening and enjoying all the music there is on recordings, both digital and analog, of both good and bad recording quality, these things become ever more important. If you learn to hear them, they certainly do matter. But to be fair, this also requires spending time with speakers that, by design, demonstrably present as much harmonic phase accuracy that timbre is built upon, at the current level of the state of the art.

Why would anyone want a speaker to alter that signal coming from the amp by removing some harmonics while retaining or even augmenting others?

And just why in heck does JMLab, Wilson, Pipedreams and many others have to charge such large $um$ at the top of their product lines (cabinetry with Ferrari paint jobs?) to not even care to address nor even attempt to achieve this? So, in the end I have to conclude that extremely expensive, inaccurate timbre is preferred by some hobbyists called audiophiles? I find that simply fascinating. Perhaps the process of accurate timbre appreciation is just a matter of time...but in the end, more will find, as I did, that it does matter.
stevecham
You know, come to think of it, all speakers have their own signature timbres that color their sonic output regardless of the electrical input. Timbre is the essence that differentiates or distinguishes the sound of identical harmonic frequencies. So the speaker that sounds most like the instruments recorded rather than the recorded instruments could easily be considered the more timbrally "accurate".
I seem to continually be attracted to speakers that claim to be time and phase coherent. This despite the fact that they may sound quite different from each other. This attraction occured before I even knew anything about these design philosphies. This despite the fact that research in Canada suggests that most people can't identify this trait in double blind tests. However, truth be told most speaker manufacturers that tout this probably don't comnpletely subscribe to it themselves. I'm not sure that any speaker that uses passive radiators, ports,transmission lines or vents can be truly time and phase coherent. While most 1'st order cross-over designs may give up ultimate superiority in specific categories, I don't believe this choice of design necessarilly sacrifices real qualitive differences in any specific category either. Others may disagree, and I could very easily understand why. IMHO, every mutli driver, time and phase design seems to sacrafice a bit of ultimate dynamics and presents a bit of unnatural treble performance, and compromised bass performance regardles as to whether they are considered warm or bright compared to live music. I humbly guess that this might be because the microphones, either by their nature or by their use "hear" differently than we do. Furthermore microphones seem to "hear" quite differently from each other. With that in mind, regardless as to how microphones "hear" compared to the way people hear, it may make sense to maintain fidelity to the recording. Then again, maybe not. As for me, though I'm attracted to these 1'st order multi driver designs, that doesn't mean that I don't appreciate the bloom of a ribbon tweeter or the sheer dynamics of power drums during big band music on something as different as the Wilsons. On the other hand IMHO designs that don't prioritise time and phase more often than not sacrafise continutiy or coherence. I can certainly understand how some one might have different priorities than me and because of that choose these very different offerings. Heck, on occasions, I have different priorities. With that said, I do believe that intentionally altering the sound from fidelity as opposed to sacrafising one priority for another is an anethama to the basic premise of this pursuit.
Shadorne, I'm not sure that the Dunlavy's are necessarily that compromised by the use of dual mids and woofers. Most of the Dunlavy's have measured +/- 1.5 db. I would think that better than most competitors. I believe Dunlavy used this approach to fullfill his ideas on wave propogation, not to intentionally alter the sound to be more pleasing. Each Dunlavy was purported to be hand tuned to a reference. I'm not aware of many other manufactures that have gone to such lenghts to ensure accuracy. I will give you that most in home use might offer more variability due to this design compared to most other designs.
Unsound,

Ooops.... Please don't get me wrong...I used the Dunlavy as an example simply because they are well known as a really great speaker.

You will notice that in my first post that I state they are "great speakers".

My point was that two divergent approaches one by ATC and one by Dunlavy both yielded some of the finest high-end speakers to be well appreciated by pro studios and even the subject of a "monitor shootout" in a pro magazine a few years ago (see link).

Ultimately my point was that speaker design is about compromises. Even a better design in terms of phase linearity (ATC actives) did not produce what listeners felt was a better timbre than a speaker with less phase linearity (the Dunlavy passives with multiple mid ranges)....which implies that phase linearity is not the only factor when it comes to how listeners judge a good speaker sound.
Vandersteen's tolerances are every bit as tight as the Dunlavy's were. Take a look at the Vandersteen web sight. The 3a Sigs are spec'd + or - 1.5db and within a 1/2db of each other and are compared to a reference. These are the $3500 units. The 5's and 5a's are closer.
Bigtee and Unsound

I agree that Vandersteens and Dunlavys are great speakers but I think they are good for many more reasons than flat frequency response.

Fairly flat frequency response is desirable but, like phase linearity, by itself this specification alone does not guarentee a great sounding speaker.
Much of the music we listen to today is recorded in studio's using multi-track recording equipment. Microphones are chosen by their ability to best capture the sound of the instrument or voice being recorded. It's important to note here that much of what timbre is is the harmonics of the instrument, in other words, the harmonic makeup of the instrument....some harmonics being louder than others but all reaching your ears at precisely the right time. Microphones do not hear like the ear hears. That too, is important to understand. A microphone consists of a very delicate diaphragm suspended in air that moves back and forth due to air pressure changes (sound waves). That diaphragm is connected to one of several different electromagnetic mechanisms that converts the motion of the diaphragm to an alternating electrical current. That current flows in a cable connected to the mixing console, and becomes the basis for the audio signal that we will process, record, and ultimately send to a loudspeaker, where it will be converted back to sound. The ear, on the other hand, is a very complicated device conceptually. It consists of a very delicate diaphragm suspended in air that moves back and forth due to air pressure changes (sound waves). That diaphragm is connected, via a fairly elaborate mechanical linkage, to a remarkable organ called the basilar membrane. At the basilar membrane, the mechanical motions are converted to neurological impulses that are sent to our brain. There, along with some other things, those impulses are presented to our conscious mind. In other words, the microphone converts sound into an analogous electrical waveform, while the ear converts it into neurological impulses. The microphone has just one input and one output. We have 2 ears. A big part of what goes on in the brain before the neurological information is presented to our consciousness is the integration of the data from both ears into a single illusion. Each basilar membrane has about 30,000 outputs! Those 30,000 or so nerve endings are spread out across the membrane, so that each nerve ending ends up representing a different frequency, sort of. This is how we can discriminate pitch and harmonies. Visualize the microphone with a filter that divides the incoming signal into 30,000 different sine waves and transmits the loudness (and phase of low frequency signals) of each such sine wave down a separate cable to the console! Visualising that are we? Another important issue has to do with localization -- the ability to discriminate which direction a sound is coming from. The microphone can't detect this at all, while the ear does in several interactive and highly complex ways. As sound enters the outer ear, tiny reflections of the sound bouncing off the pinna (the flap of skin surrounding the ear canal) recombine with the direct signal to create very complex and distinctive interference patterns (comb filtering in the range between 5 and 15 KHz.). Each different angle of arrival of a sound yields its own distinctive and audible pattern, and the brain uses these (actually it happens at the basilar membrane and in the auditory nerve on the way to the brain) to determine which direction any sound element is coming from, from each individual ear. So yes, it matters. I sometimes wonder how many audiophiles have never lived with a time/phase accurate speaker. Like I said in my previous post, once you do, you won't go back to high order crossovers.
Shadorn, I agree, frequency response is not everything. It's only a start. I do feel that any decent speaker must start here first, however. Then get the other stuff right.
They're many design attributes of Vandies.
There is a reason why Vandersteen and Thiel do well and for so long in the business. Their design goals, while different, are valid. As I said earlier, it is a matter of time (no pun intended) before this parameter becomes a priority for other designers as well.