Is a tube phono better than ss?


I love the sound of tubes but wonder if its the best route for vinyl playback?
52tiger

Showing 3 responses by atmasphere

There is more to it than just tube noise.

A tube phono section can be built to operate with zero negative feedback and passive equalization. There is an advantage to this- less audible ticks and pops from the LP surface.

This is not because of less bandwidth (we spec our phono section to 100KHz for example). It is because there is a slight but measurable delay between the input and output of any phono circuit. This delay is called Propagation Delay and is something that occurs in all circuits.

What this means is if you use loop feedback (which is common in less expensive phono sections) to do the equalization, the result is that the feedback will be trailing slightly behind the actual signal. In a sense, it is as if you are injecting a slight echo a few milliseconds behind the original signal.

At low frequencies this is not much of a problem but it is audible at higher frequencies as it essentially introduces distortion, and short duration events (like ticks and pops) are slightly increased as they 'ring' in the circuit along with all the other high frequencies. This makes them more audible than the actual signal. I have heard this have a profound effect on the perception of the condition of the LP surface; the same LP playing with lots of surface noise with one preamp and not with another.

It is harder to build a solid state phono section that is zero feedback. Its fairly easy with tubes, and so there is an argument that while tubes are a bit noisier than transistors, they have the possibility of presenting less ticks and pops! Personally I go with the latter, and do as much as possible to keep the noise down (which usually means hand-picking the tubes).

You can of course install a stepup transformer to help with the noise, but IME any transformer also has the effect of reducing the musical involvement because of artifacts inherent in the transformer.
Pops and ticks as an indicator of NF Ringing?

Hadn't thought about that but would seem to make sense.

Seen it. about 25 years ago a friend of mine and I both bought the same UHQR LP from a specialty store. For some reason his was noisy and mine was not- until he brought his over to my house and found that it was nice and quiet as well. Turned out his preamp was the problem (we had the same cartridge and tone arm).

It took some work; we found that both preamps had very good RIAA EQ, IOW that was not it. A big difference between the two is my preamp was tube and zero feedback, his was solid state with active EQ. When I put the units on the bench and ran some tests it was easier to see what was going on.

The slew rates of the two preamps and bandwidth (as you might expect) were nearly the same. Quite literally it came down to the use of active EQ. This was the first time but not the last that I have seen this phenomena.

I have a pet theory that cheap phono sections in inexpensive receivers has led people to think LPs are noisy all the time, which has led to general acceptance of CDs :)
Salectric, a lot has to do with how 'fast' the preamp is. If you have poor slewing rates that won't go well with active EQ IMO.

I also find almost any preamp with active EQ to be a little brighter (my guess is due to odd ordered harmonics but if so they are so low as to not show up on conventional test gear).