Very, very, many places! New Morning, Duc des Lombards, Sunset, Sunside, Petit Opportun, Cav. de la Huchette, many others... Check out www.pariscope.fr (for the week's "going ons") or www.jazzvalley.com for jazz in Paris.
The Parc de la Villette often has (reasonably priced) concerts -- but don't think anything's on now...
Also, A'gon member Badwisdom is presently in Paris (I think), so he may have an idea or two. Salut et bon voyage...
p.s. Don't forget to drink red wine & try a bistrot or two!