Phono stage is most important.
Why? because the cart signal has to go through it before it hits your amp. Imagine your ART9 going through a $500 stage compared to a $5000 stage; which one you think sounds better? IME, a $5k stage is very different from a $500 one.
For tubes, I would find a Tavish Adagio. Very close to the Modwright PH9.0. The Modwright is just above your budget but it's also upgradeable should you want to go to the next level.
Solid state, the Darlington Labs MP-7, and now they have the MP-8B, is a giant killer. My MP-7 was very close the Tavish. I would also look at Lehman Decade or Sutherland or maybe Rothwell.
Phono stage for the win.