For both tubes, the circuit and the execution quality of same in the amp are highly influential. Both are triodes commonly used in single-ended amplifier topology. While it's possible to get a 300B amp with disciplined bass, and it's possible to get an 845 amp with very high resolution and classic SET midrange, *generally* what you're missing by not having an 845 based amp relative to 300B, is superior drive, dynamics and broadly usable deep bass and slam. The 845 tube usually outputs 3X the power of a single 300B in SET use, and sounds like more. But particularly, bass quality is, all other things being equal, more natural, more defined, more impactful and more dynamic with the 845 than the 300B.
With equally good components and design, 300B amps generally reveal finer detail, having higher resolving traits than an 845 counterpart amp. But an 845 SET amp has plenty of midrange single-ended and triode magic, with generally more linear bass. What you're missing most in 300B that 845 delivers is compelling drive.
Phil