JAZZ
Try Brubeck's 'Time Out'. It's available on both a CD reissue and a fabulous Classic Records reissue on 200g vinyl. AcousticSounds.com and MusicDirect.com have them both. Extraordinary music-making on a fabulous Columbia 6 eye recording. It has a full range of frequencies from plucked string bass to cymbal harmonics and everything in between. I'm sure there are many others too.
CLASSICAL
Tons of choices. Nearly all of the JVC XRCD2 reissues of the RCA Living Stereo catalog are great, as are the corresponding LP reissues by Classic Records. Rimsky-Korsakov's 'Sheherezade' will test any system's dynamics, and the LP will destroy any CDP if your rig is up to it. There are many other excellent JVC/Classic Records pairs, but make sure the LP is available at a price you can stomach before buying the CD. Some of them are in short supply and they're priced accordingly.
ROCK
You'll have to ask someone who knows!
BTW, read all you can in the FAQ's at Vinyl Asylum. Jon Risch's "VTA once and for all!" is essential, but every article there is worth reading.