Measuring "Stylus Drag" with the RPM Speed and Wow app


33.33>33.40

I recently spent what I considered way too much for a Lenco L75S. But I was tired of waiting to score a bargain; and I figured life is too short; and a nice unit came available on my favourite audio website. Sold!

I won’t start another thread about how the idler drive system is the absolute best turntable system; instead I will just report that even before improvements (DIY plinth, upgraded arm), the stock Lenco sounds very fine indeed. Talk about speed stability! Talk about defined beginnings of musical attacks! Talk about lack of smear (Did I mention speed stability?)!

And it has got me thinking: maybe there is something to this concept of the importance of "stylus drag", and its effect on vinyl playback.

Which also got me thinking: why don’t we start measuring this phenomenon (seeing as it is one of the biggest issues a turntable has to deal with - after speed stability).

So then I thought, "why not use the RPM Speed and Wow app, and take readings with a record playing, and without?

And have done just that. I understand the app is considered "not accurate", but I would assume it is "consistently not accurate", or thereabouts (can anyone with more technical knowledge of a phone’s gyroscope corroborate or deny this?). And since it is a RELATIVE PROPORTION we are looking for, this app might just work for all of us to create a database of "Stylus Drag" relative measurements for all of our turntables.

With a chosen track, my Lenco’s readings are:

Playing a record: 33.33 (0.03% W & F)
Not playing a record: 33.40 (0.04% W & F)

The difference on a Lenco is 0.07. I call this figure the "Stylus Drag Coefficient Number".

Next I will do readings for a Mission 775S, a Thorens TD160, and a Technics SL-D2.

Oh, the fun that can be had after rehearsing Mahler’s 9th Symphony, and drinking a couple of beers while listening to vinyl on a new-to-you turntable!

fusian
According to the article "Cutting LPs, the Theory" published in Studio Sound 1975-07, "The frictional force acting on the stylus point pulls the stylus point in the direction of the groove motion with a force of about 25% of the playing weight (tracking force)".

However, as the following video shows, the drag from the LP groove is continuously variable, which if there is no speed servo, could conceivably cause modulation of the platter RPM according to the instantaneous dynamics and frequency content of the music.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?app=desktop&v=j0ZuukxmaVM
While theoretically true there is an important variable that will differ from one table to the next and that is the inertia of the platter. The increase in friction heavy modulation would cause is transient and it takes a certain amount of time to change the rotational speed of the platter depending on how heavy the platter is. Short increases in friction will have little effect on a heavy platter. Longer increases will be countered by a good turntable's drive system. This is the reason most turntable manufacturers use AC synchronous motors. Any slowing of the motor causes an instantaneous increase in torque maintaining platter speed. 

fusian, if you want to be accurate about it you have to make a "puck" that fits on the platter's spindle just 2-3" in diameter so that your phone can lie flat over the platter. Then, you have to mark the phone and puck to index  the position of the phone so that you are putting it down in the exact same position every time.