Can someone give Lossless Music File 101?


I got little confused with different ways to make lossless music files and the names/types, and the tools, what is the actual file extension etc...

Is there a link that explains about the topic or can sombody here give some short lossless 101 lecture?

A few things I here a lot are 'Apple losslss', 'FLAC', 'Wave file', 'EAC', 'WMA lossless'

I get confused.
eandylee
My setup is 'PC USB -> M-audio Transit -> Toslink -> Meridian 561M processor'. Trying to find best way(sound quality, easy of use, compatibility, etc) for using my PC as a CD player.

I might try itunes first
As far as sound quality goes, might look up some posts by Audioengr, I think he mods Transits to improve the clock, and I gather Transits take modding well. I personally dislike toslink, so you might get him to install a coax output instead too. ;)

Personally, I use a Waveterminal U24 USB audio device, but I gather from another thread that they discontinued them. :(

As far as the other parts, many will recommend foobar as a great player, and indeed it is. Unfortunately, foobar doesn't like Apple Lossless and I find the interface a bit non-intuitive. Apple does great UIs, so I'm sticking with iTunes.
Tags are defined in the file structure for certain information associated with the music data (usually a song). Standardized tags include Album, Artist, Genre, Track Number, Release Date, Album Art, Last Played, Rating, etc. Helps one organize music files...