Why 78rpm, 45rpm, and 33.3rpm?



Does anyone know why these particular speeds were chosen for phono records? Early on there were 80rpm (one-sided) records, and 16 rpm was used for radio broadcast transcription and speech. I think that the CD sample rate 44.1 KHz has something to do with compatibility with movie frame rate. (The CD rpm varies as the disc plays so as to maintain a constant data rate).
eldartford

Showing 1 response by jc2000

Actually, I think the CD sample rate was chosen because (as I understand it) because you need a sampling rate twice the highest frequency recorded. The rate is higher than that, probably to give room for error or some such thing.

As for records, I'm under the impression that there were several different speeds in the "78" era. It was probably a case of doing whatever worked the best for a given company.

I've no idea about the 33.3 and 45 speeds. I have heard that the 33.3 was the Columbia standard, and RCA adapted the 45 RPM speed so that they could have their own format. I wonder, though, if the 33.3 RPM choice might have been made on the basis of playing time--that is, trying to get a 12" record to play for "x" minutes a side.