Sean,
As far as the audio enthusiast is concerned there is no difference between oversampling & upsampling.
However, from an engineering perspective, there is a technical difference: oversampling is a repeat operation where the input data is simply read at the higher rate again & again (i.e. oversampling ratio). As you well know, this creates an aliased signal that repeats every Fs. In upsampling we zero-stuff & later use a digital filter to estimate what the values of the zero-stuffed samples should be. In this case, too, the operation creates aliased signals that repeat every Fs. So, in both cases we need a digital filter to attenuate the aliased signal & preserve the audio spectrum. This digital filter can be the same for oversampling & upsampling! Thus, these 2 operations really look very similar. FWIW.
As far as the audio enthusiast is concerned there is no difference between oversampling & upsampling.
However, from an engineering perspective, there is a technical difference: oversampling is a repeat operation where the input data is simply read at the higher rate again & again (i.e. oversampling ratio). As you well know, this creates an aliased signal that repeats every Fs. In upsampling we zero-stuff & later use a digital filter to estimate what the values of the zero-stuffed samples should be. In this case, too, the operation creates aliased signals that repeat every Fs. So, in both cases we need a digital filter to attenuate the aliased signal & preserve the audio spectrum. This digital filter can be the same for oversampling & upsampling! Thus, these 2 operations really look very similar. FWIW.