Would you get the same result from a cartridge that is in the $800 range with one that is in the $1200 rangeAssuming the cartridges match the arm specs, of course the two cartridges will sound different!
As a rule, using a good cheap cartridge on a performant table yields better results than the other way round. It's simple: the engineering on a cheap TT is too poor to support the superior engineering of the cartridge.
The cheap Denons, while good performers in principle & for the money, are quite limited in application (very low compliance, output, etc).