Some Thought on Cables and Tweaks


What is the mechanism by which a cable or tweak produces an audible difference in a system? It seems clear that the flow of electrons is being altered or colored in some way. We sometimes hear talk about the best cables doing nothing and we sometimes hear the word "neutral" when referring to cables but I personally feel these are both inaccurate descriptions. A cable cannot be doing nothing. The physics militates against this claim. And, frankly, I don't know what the word "neutral" means when referring to cables.

I don't think any tweak maker would claim their tweak was doing nothing or is “neutral”. I don't think that customers would line up for their products under those conditions. But I find it interesting that cable customers line up under those very same conditions. My question is this: what is the difference between a cable and a line tweak in this respect? After all, some tweaks are even incorporated into cables.

Has any cable maker or any audiophile or any physicist -- actually seen electrons during the process of being altered or colored? I doubt that anyone has. Can anyone say with complete accuracy what is actually going on in cables or tweaks to produce the results they produce? I doubt that anyone can. There are few cable or tweak makers who will admit to this.

It seems as though the proof for what goes on with cables and tweaks is mostly empirical. The physics may be understood by some -- to one degree or another -- but the proof is in the pie. To tell you the truth, that's good enough for me as long as the resulting sound is good. I am not very intellectual when it comes to the sound of my system. But I am curious as to how much cable makers really know about what their cables are doing because most of the cables I have had in my system have been nothing to write home to Mama about.

Some cable makers and tweak makers produce more verbiage than you can shake a stick at to describe what their products do. How many cable makers or tweak makers really understand the physics of their products well enough to describe accurately what is going on with their products? I believe they have mostly arrived where they are at not through understanding the physics of cables and tweaks but by experimenting -- with metals -- with "geometries" (whatever that word means)-- with dialectrics -- with shielding. I believe most of the theories being promulgated for most of the cables and tweaks are an afterthought. The best makers come up with products that create great sound. The rest -- well, let's be kind and say run-of-the-mill.

There are a whole lot of audiophiles chasing a whole lot of cables and tweaks based on manufacturers’ claims. But how reliable are those claims that have high end audiophiles chasing one product after another? If even a fraction of those claims were true then there would be a lot less chasing going on. I mean, how many truly great cables and tweaks are there out there? A lot less than are advertised as being great. IMO.
sabai

Showing 9 responses by geoffkait

Sabai, maybe you are looking for something more mysterious, but here are some reasons why some cables sound better than others, or more neutral.

1. Higher purity metals - less impurities; e.g., 0.99999 % copper vs 0.999 copper.  Oxygen free, single crystal, etc.

2. Silver vs copper; silver with gold content, etc.

3. Solid core vs stranded conductor

4. Twisted pair vs parallel wires

5. Flat vs round vs oval conductor

6. Use of multiple conductors of varying gauge

7. Very thin versus medium or heavy gauge conductor

8. Shielded vs unshielded 

9. Better, higher purity materials for connectors

10. Better solder/welding technique for connectors

11. Better dielectric material, e.g. Teflon or air

12. Sufficiently long break in period using break in device

13. cryo'd vs uncryo'd - more homogeneous atomic structure of crystal conductor

14. Balanced vs unbalanced

Cheers, gk
Ivan wrote,

"Alan Maher (of Alan Maher designs) has put forward a theory that, while I'm unable to prove, seems pretty intriguing. According to him, the best way to lower resistance in a system is to manipulate things by raising inductance, which he has been able to do very effectively using his crystal-based technology, which certainly extends the audio bandwidth and hugely lowers noise (I say this I've seen it work extremely well in my own system as I'm a satisfied customer)."

It's much more likely, rather than lowering resistance, crystals simply reduce vibration and/or reduce RFI in the system. I.e., wider audio bandwidth and lower noise result from better signal to noise ratio.

Nice to see crystals are going mainstream. :-)

Geoff Kait
Machina Dynamica
It would not be terribly surprising if many cable makers did not actually
manufacture their own wire any more than it's no big surprise high end
amplifier manufacturers don't fabricate their own capacitors, resistors,
Tubes, transistors or wire, or that many high end speaker manufacturers
don't fabricate their own drivers. Nevertheless, there remain a great many
options for those cable companies that order wire, including type of metal,
purity of metal, gauge of wire, flat wire, round wire, oval wire, solid wire,
stranded wire, cryogenically treated wire, whether the wire must be labeled
for directionality, etc. Of course, the wire is not the only factor involved in
how the final product will sound. Ya got yer jacket, yer dielectric material,
yer connectors, welding or soldering method/technique, etc. Geez, it
almost seems like making cables is an art.
Ivan wrote,

"I know, I know, everybody has that reaction these days (including me!) :P"

We should implement a don't ask don't tell policy. ;-)

Geoff Kait
Machina Dynamica
We Do Artifical Atoms Right
Mt10425 wrote,

"Hi Geoff. I expected you to side with the "art and a leap of faith" group. And you did."

As opposed to what, the "see a hoax behind every rock" group?

"What you also did was express the thinking that many components, speakers and cables are just re-branding of OEM items."

By that logic, NASA and Ferrari are re-branders.

Obviously, there aren't as many "new" ideas and products as promoted."

Well, not that you're aware of anyway.
Rodman99999, thanks for the link. Their cables are actually quite interesting.

GK
Mrtennis wrote,

"you can measure some parameters associated with cables. but there are probably some which cannot be measured, which is why objective measurement does not fully correlate with listening."

Just curious, has any audio reviewer ever measured any cable for distortion and noise? Has any cable company published distortion and noise data? Have any independent individuals measured cables for distortion and noise? Finally, has any audio organization such as AES ever published data for cables, I mean other than R, C and L? Has anyone anywhere ever correlated measured data to the subjective sound of any cable or group of cables?

Cheers
Ivan wrote,

"But, in regards to your op, Sabai, maybe my main point here is simply the model that wiring, when using an oscilloscope anyway, is not so much ‘doing something magical’ as all the makers would plainly have us all believe, but rather that the best wires can, and should, be thought of as simply satisfying Ohm’s Law the best and otherwise simply managing to do the least harm in the system. The rest may amount to little more than descriptive language…not that that’s all useless – I’m no objectivist. It’s just that I think that descriptive language should never be substituted for a more proper understanding that can be had through the basic physics involved – even if the reality is that we’re left by the makers to try to uncover all that for ourselves. Cheers."

Not sure I go along with your generalization that cable makers use language that suggests they believe, or wish us to believe, cables are "doing something magical." On the contrary, reading what most of the major cable makers, including high end cable makers, say on their web sites, it's clear they wish to present their products in the best possible scientific light, including research, theory, and manufacturing techniques. Most cable makers also take pains to characterize their products in terms of purity of metals, special geometries, special dielectric materials, special connectors, special treatments they might employ such as cryogenics, etc. The cable makers I am referring to include Kimber, Cardas, Shunyata, Nordost, Audioquest, Purist Audio, and many others.